Classification of Science Fiction

According to Cramer and Westfahl as quoted by Maulana Sandya (2010: 22-24) classification of science fiction is generally arranged by type of science that were presented or how science is treated. There are three classifications of science fiction's most famous, as follows:

a. Science fiction 'hard' or hard science fiction, science fiction is closely associated with the development of science and technology and requires an understanding of the science of reading. Science fiction 'hard' science also refers to the 'hard' is covered in them. Hard science in question here is the natural or exact sciences such as physics, mathematics, and sciences are relatively new such as cybernetics and robotics.

b. Science fiction 'smooth' or soft science fiction, science fiction is likely to use the sciences were 'fine'. Included here is a subtle science social sciences such as sociology, economics, politics, and at certain moments, psychology. Science fiction 'fine' can also contain elements of science such as physics, mathematics, or biology, but is still below the level of science fiction 'hard'.

c. Science fiction space opera or space opera. Space opera is a sub-genre of science fiction that has many formulas, such as the story of a cowboy and a drama full of romance clichés, an adventure story with a background that seemed to show an interest in science and technology, which is indicated by the space probes, laser pistol, or teleportation device (transfer of matter from one point to another).

Three sub-genre classification above is the most common science fiction. Still there are several sub-genres of science fiction others not so well known, such as these:

a. Aliens: a review of science fiction creature outer from space or another planet.

b. Cloning: a science fiction story about genetic engineering, usually filled with moral consequences. Examples of these are sub-genri Lanang novel (2006) by Jonathan Rahardjo.

c. Cyberpunk: science fiction that takes the theme of advanced technology, featuring human oddities who destroys himself with his own progress. The word "cyberpunk" first appeared in the novel "Neuromancer" (1984) by William Gibson.

d. Dystopia: a pessimistic science fiction story, fear, and anxiety over facing the advancement of science and technology is amazing karrena science and technology are regarded as the source of a humanitarian catastrophe in the future.

e. Super Human: The story tells of a super human, that is, those with super powers who have the power or ability more than other people,

f. Theology: Science Fiction about religion.

g. Travel time: Every story featuring a time machine or a trip to the past or the future.

h. Utopia: Fiction science that describes an ideal future.

Although there is a sorter-sorting out sub-genre of science fiction sort of thing, but the actual relationship between the sub-sub-genri genri are relatively liquid. So between the sub-sub-genri genri with other mixing can occur.

Similarly, the classification of posts about science fiction. may be useful.